Plain Washers

Plain Washers

RAYCHIN manufactures precision plain washers in 25+ exotic alloys: 17-4 PH, Inconel 718, Titanium, Hastelloy, MP35N, A286, Monel & more. Flat washers, round washers, fender washers. ASME, DIN, ISO, ASTM compliant. Custom OEM washers for aerospace, oil & gas, power generation, marine & industrial applications. Global supplier.
  • Plain Washers

RAYCHIN SPECIALTY METALS FASTENERS: BOLTS, NUTS, SCREWS, WASHERS, STUDS, THREADED RODS, U-BOLT, J-BOLTS

STANDARD AND CUSTOMIZED, SMALL BATCH AND LARGE BATCH, IMPERIAL AND METRIC


Sizes:
Thread:
  • #00 - 6"

  • M1.2 - M150




Specifications:Custom to print / drawing
  • ASME 18.21.1 SAE / USS

  • DIN 126 / ISO 7091

  • DIN 125 / ISO 7089 / ISO 7090





Request a Quote from RAYCHIN

We're here to help!

Request a Quote


  • Standard flat washers including SAE, USS, general purpose, MilSpec   and Oversized

  • Lock washers (split lock washers)

  • Belleville spring washers

  • Fender washers

  • Spring washers

  • Vented washers

  • Custom washers per drawing


Plain washers are the most common type of washer and are used for a variety of purposes, including:

  • Protecting surfaces

Plain washers protect the surface of the object from damage caused by the fastener, especially soft materials like wood


  • Correcting hole size

Plain washers can be used to fill the gap between a fastener and a hole that's too big


  • Spacers

Plain washers can be used as spacers when the fixing is too long for the material depth


  • Reducing friction

Plain washers reduce heat and friction during the tightening process


RAYCHIN LIMITED, we are materials experts who focus only on fasteners made from the highest performance specialty metals for the most challenging and extreme applications.


  • Stainless Steel Series: Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ferritic Stainless Steel, Austenitic Stainless Steel, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel and Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel.


  • Super Alloys Series: Nickel-based Alloy, Cobalt-based Alloy, Iron-based Alloy, Molybdenum-based Alloy, ‌Titanium-based Alloy, Copper based Alloy, ‌Zirconium Alloy.


  • Alloy Steel Series: Low Alloy Steel, Medium Alloy Steel, High Alloy Steel, Special Alloy Steel.



 RAYCHIN   MATERIALS 

  • 17-4   PH
  • Alloy   330
  • Inconel
  • Nimonic
  • 254   SMO
  • Alloy   926
  • Molybdenum
  • Nitronic
  • 310SS
  • Aluminum   7075
  • Monel
  • Tantalum
  • A286
  • Duplex   Steel
  • MP159
  • Titanium
  • AL-6XN
  • Hastelloy
  • MP35N
  • Tungsten
  • Alloy   20
  • Incoloy
  • Nickel   200
  • Waspaloy
  • Zirconium
  • PH 13-8 Mo



Precision Plain Washers in Special Alloys | RAYCHIN Fastening Solution Expert

RAYCHIN manufactures precision plain washers in 25+ exotic alloys: 17-4 PH, Inconel 718, Titanium, Hastelloy, MP35N, A286, Monel & more. Flat washers, round washers, fender washers. ASME, DIN, ISO, ASTM compliant. Custom OEM washers for aerospace, oil & gas, power generation, marine & industrial applications. Global supplier.


Plain Washers: The Foundation of Reliable Bolted Connections

RAYCHIN is a premier manufacturer of high-performance plain washers and a recognized special alloy fastening solution expert. Plain washers, also known as flat washers, are thin plates with a hole (typically in the center) that are used to distribute the load of a threaded fastener such as a bolt or nut. They provide a smooth bearing surface, prevent galling, span oversize holes, protect the mating surface, and provide accurate spacing. These seemingly simple components are essential in every industry where bolted connections exist, from aerospace and medical devices to oil & gas and marine applications.

The critical functions of plain washers include:

  • Load Distribution: Spreading the clamping force over a larger area to prevent damage to the mating surface

  • Surface Protection: Preventing marring, galling, and corrosion between dissimilar materials

  • Spanning Oversize Holes: Covering clearance holes that are larger than the fastener head

  • Spacing and Shimming: Providing accurate positioning and alignment

  • Locking Enhancement: Providing a proper bearing surface for locking features

  • Electrical Insulation: When made from non-conductive materials or specific alloys

Our plain washers are manufactured to exacting ASME, DIN, ISO, and ASTM standards, with complete material certification, full traceability, and engineering support for custom applications. We engineer these critical components from over 25 advanced alloys, ensuring reliable performance in extreme temperatures (cryogenic to 2000°F+), highly corrosive environments, high-pressure systems, and critical safety applications.


Plain Washer Classifications

1. Plain Washer Types by Configuration

TypeDescriptionTypical StandardsApplications
Flat Washers (Round)Standard round washers with center holeASME B18.22.1, DIN 125, DIN 9021, ISO 7089, ISO 7090General purpose, load distribution
Fender WashersLarge outside diameter relative to hole sizeASME B18.22.1, DIN 9021, ISO 7093Spanning oversize holes, thin materials
Oversize WashersLarger than standard OD for special applicationsCustomer specificationBridge construction, heavy equipment
Narrow WashersSmaller than standard OD for clearanceASME B18.22.1, DIN 433, ISO 7092Confined spaces, close-fitting assemblies
Machine WashersPrecision ground surfacesCustom specificationPrecision machinery, instruments
Finishing WashersCountersunk for flat head screwsASME B18.22.1Flush mounting, decorative applications
Structural WashersHeavy-duty, heat-treatedASTM F436, ASTM F959Steel construction, bridges
Beveled WashersAngled for I-beam flangesASTM F436, DIN 434, DIN 435Structural steel, sloping surfaces
Square WashersSquare shape for wood or slotted holesASME B18.22.1, DIN 436, DIN 437Timber construction, slotted connections
Custom WashersOEM specificationsCustomer drawingUnique requirements

2. Plain Washer Dimensional Standards

StandardDescriptionSize RangeTypical TolerancesApplication Region
ASME B18.22.1Plain Washers (Inch Series)#0 through 4"MediumNorth America
DIN 125Flat Washers (Metric Series)1.6mm - 100mmMediumEurope
DIN 9021Large OD Flat Washers2mm - 100mmMediumEurope
DIN 433Small OD Flat Washers1.6mm - 30mmMediumEurope
ISO 7089Flat Washers - Normal Series1.6mm - 100mmMediumInternational
ISO 7090Flat Washers - Chamfered1.6mm - 100mmMediumInternational
ISO 7091Flat Washers - Normal Series1.6mm - 100mmMediumInternational
ISO 7092Flat Washers - Small Series1.6mm - 36mmMediumInternational
ISO 7093Flat Washers - Large Series3mm - 100mmMediumInternational
ISO 7094Flat Washers - Extra Large Series5mm - 100mmMediumInternational
ASTM F436Structural Washers1/2" - 4"PrecisionConstruction
Customer DrawingsCustom SpecificationsAnyAs specifiedGlobal

3. Special Application Plain Washers

  • High-Temperature Washers: For turbine and exhaust applications

  • Cryogenic Washers: For LNG and low-temperature service

  • Corrosion-Resistant Washers: For chemical and marine environments

  • Non-Magnetic Washers: For MRI and sensitive instrumentation

  • Vacuum Service Washers: For semiconductor and space applications

  • Nuclear Grade Washers: With low cobalt and high purity requirements

  • Biocompatible Washers: For medical implants and devices

  • Anti-Galling Washers: For dissimilar metal combinations

  • Electrical Insulation Washers: For isolating electrical currents

  • Thrust Washers: For rotating applications

  • Custom Washers: Manufactured to your OEM specifications with unique dimensions, hole configurations, and material grades

4. Plain Washer Size Designations

Nominal Size (Inch)Inside Diameter (Min)Outside Diameter (Max)Thickness (Typical)
#00.063"0.188"0.020" - 0.040"
#20.094"0.250"0.020" - 0.040"
#40.125"0.312"0.025" - 0.050"
#60.156"0.375"0.025" - 0.050"
#80.188"0.438"0.032" - 0.060"
#100.219"0.500"0.032" - 0.060"
1/4"0.281"0.625"0.040" - 0.080"
5/16"0.344"0.750"0.050" - 0.090"
3/8"0.406"0.875"0.050" - 0.090"
7/16"0.469"1.000"0.050" - 0.090"
1/2"0.531"1.125"0.060" - 0.100"
5/8"0.656"1.375"0.070" - 0.120"
3/4"0.812"1.750"0.080" - 0.140"
1"1.062"2.250"0.090" - 0.160"


Nominal Size (Metric)Inside Diameter (Min)Outside Diameter (Max)Thickness (Typical)
M1.61.8mm4.0mm0.3mm - 0.5mm
M22.2mm5.0mm0.3mm - 0.5mm
M2.52.7mm6.0mm0.5mm - 0.8mm
M33.2mm7.0mm0.5mm - 0.8mm
M44.3mm9.0mm0.8mm - 1.0mm
M55.3mm10.0mm0.8mm - 1.2mm
M66.4mm12.0mm1.0mm - 1.6mm
M88.4mm16.0mm1.2mm - 2.0mm
M1010.5mm20.0mm1.5mm - 2.5mm
M1213.0mm24.0mm2.0mm - 3.0mm
M1617.0mm30.0mm2.5mm - 4.0mm
M2021.0mm37.0mm3.0mm - 5.0mm
M2425.0mm44.0mm4.0mm - 6.0mm
M3031.0mm56.0mm5.0mm - 8.0mm

Full Material Portfolio with International Standard Designations

As a special alloy fastening solution expert, RAYCHIN produces plain washers in the following comprehensive range of high-performance materials:

1. Precipitation-Hardening Stainless Steels

17-4 PH (UNS S17400): ASTM A564 Type 630, AMS 5643, DIN 1.4542 — Available in H900, H1025, H1150, H1150+ tempers. Exceptional combination of high strength (up to 180 ksi) and good corrosion resistance. Excellent for aerospace washers, medical devices, high-strength applications, defense hardware, and robotics. *Keywords: 17-4 PH plain washers, 17-4 PH flat washers.*

PH 13-8 Mo (UNS S13800): ASTM A564 Type 625, AMS 5629 — Superior strength (up to 220 ksi), exceptional toughness, and outstanding stress corrosion cracking resistance. Available in H950, H1000, H1050 tempers. Recommended for aerospace structural washers, defense applications, medical implants, and critical assemblies. *Keywords: PH 13-8 Mo plain washers.*

2. Nickel-Based Superalloys

Inconel® Alloys:

  • Inconel 600 (UNS N06600): ASTM B166, AMS 5665 — General purpose high-temperature alloy with excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance to 2000°F. Good resistance to chloride stress corrosion cracking. Ideal for heat treat furnace washers, chemical processing equipment, nuclear applications, and high-temperature washers. Keywords: Inconel 600 plain washers.

  • Inconel 625 (UNS N06625): ASTM B446, AMS 5666 — Exceptional resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion, and high-temperature oxidation. Outstanding fatigue strength and resistance to chloride ions. High strength from cryogenic to 1800°F. Recommended for marine washers, offshore platform hardware, chemical tank fittings, seawater immersion applications, and aerospace components. Keywords: Inconel 625 plain washers.

  • Inconel 718 (UNS N07718): AMS 5663, ASTM B637 — High-strength alloy with exceptional creep rupture strength up to 1300°F. Excellent cryogenic properties and weldability. Good fatigue and oxidation resistance. Ideal for aerospace engine washers, high-temperature applications, racing components, downhole tools, and high-performance automotive. Keywords: Inconel 718 plain washers.

Monel® Alloys:

  • Monel 400 (UNS N04400): ASTM B164, AMS 4675 — Superior resistance to seawater, steam, and caustic environments. Excellent corrosion resistance in reducing conditions. High strength over a wide temperature range. Recommended for marine washers, naval vessel hardware, chemical processing equipment, offshore installations, and architectural marine applications. Keywords: Monel 400 plain washers.

  • Monel K500 (UNS N05500): ASTM B865, AMS 4676 — Age-hardenable version offering increased strength and hardness while maintaining excellent corrosion resistance. Good spring properties and wear resistance. Ideal for pump washers, marine fasteners, oil & gas applications, high-strength marine hardware, and valve components. Keywords: Monel K500 plain washers.

Hastelloy® Alloys:

  • Hastelloy C276 (UNS N10276): ASTM B574, AMS 5754 — Excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosive chemicals including strong oxidizers and reducing agents. Outstanding resistance to pitting and stress corrosion cracking. Recommended for chemical processing washers, pharmaceutical apparatus, pollution control systems, flue gas desulfurization, and nuclear waste processing fixtures. Keywords: Hastelloy C276 plain washers.

  • Hastelloy C22 (UNS N06022): ASTM B574, AMS 5755 — Superior resistance to oxidizing media and localized corrosion. Excellent in mixed acid environments and chloride-containing media. Ideal for bleaching systems, pickling equipment, nuclear waste processing, aggressive chemical service, and pharmaceutical reactors. Keywords: Hastelloy C22 plain washers.

  • Hastelloy B2 (UNS N10665): ASTM B335 — Exceptional resistance to reducing acids like hydrochloric and sulfuric at all concentrations and temperatures. Outstanding resistance to hydrogen chloride gas. Recommended for hydrochloric acid processing, chemical reactors, evaporators, acid concentration plants, and chemical storage fixtures. Keywords: Hastelloy B2 plain washers.

Incoloy® Alloys:

  • Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825): ASTM B423, AMS 5870 — Excellent resistance to reducing and oxidizing acids, stress corrosion cracking, and intergranular attack. Good resistance to sulfuric and phosphoric acids. Ideal for pickling tank hardware, pollution control equipment, nuclear fuel reprocessing, chemical storage vessels, and food processing equipment. Keywords: Incoloy 825 plain washers.

  • Incoloy 925 (UNS N09925): ASTM B805 — High-strength, age-hardenable alloy with excellent resistance to sour gas environments. Good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Recommended for downhole instrumentation, wellhead equipment, subsea enclosures, oil & gas production, and high-temperature applications. Keywords: Incoloy 925 plain washers.

High-Temperature Alloys:

  • Waspaloy (UNS N07001): AMS 5708, AMS 5824 — Precipitation-hardenable alloy with exceptional high-temperature strength to 1600°F. Excellent oxidation and creep resistance. Good fatigue strength. Ideal for gas turbine washers, jet engine components, high-temperature instrumentation, aerospace fasteners, and racing applications. Keywords: Waspaloy plain washers.

  • Nimonic® Series:

    • Nimonic 80A (UNS N07080): BS HR 501, AMS 5842 — Creep and rupture strength up to 1500°F. Excellent oxidation resistance and good corrosion resistance. Recommended for exhaust system washers, heat treatment fixtures, turbocharger components, gas turbine parts, and high-temperature springs. Keywords: Nimonic 80A plain washers.

    • Nimonic 90 (UNS N07090): BS HR 502, AMS 5796 — Enhanced high-temperature properties with superior oxidation resistance. Good creep strength and fatigue resistance. Ideal for gas turbine washers, high-temperature applications, aerospace engine hardware, high-performance racing components, and exhaust valves. Keywords: Nimonic 90 plain washers.

3. Duplex & Super Duplex Stainless Steels

Duplex 2205 (UNS S32205/S31803): ASTM A193 B8S, EN 1.4462 — Twice the yield strength of 316 stainless with excellent chloride stress corrosion resistance. Outstanding pitting resistance (PREN 34-36). Good fatigue strength. Recommended for offshore platform washers, desalination plant hardware, marine deck equipment, chemical tankers, and subsea applications. Keywords: Duplex 2205 plain washers.

Super Duplex Alloys:

  • Alloy 926 (UNS N08926): ASTM B691, EN 1.4529 — PREN >40 for severe chloride and seawater environments. Excellent resistance to crevice corrosion and pitting. Good mechanical properties. Ideal for subsea washers, coastal infrastructure, chemical tanker hardware, desalination plants, and marine instrumentation. Keywords: Alloy 926 plain washers.

  • AL-6XN® (UNS N08367): ASTM B691, AMS 5875 — Superior pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in highly chlorinated atmospheres. Outstanding resistance to seawater and chloride solutions. Recommended for flue gas desulfurization, seawater cooling systems, pharmaceutical equipment, food processing, and marine hardware. *Keywords: AL-6XN plain washers.*

4. Titanium Alloys

Grade 2 Titanium (UNS R50400): ASTM B348, AMS 4921 — Excellent corrosion resistance with good formability and weldability. Outstanding seawater resistance and biocompatibility. Good strength-to-weight ratio. Ideal for marine washers, architectural hardware, chemical processing equipment, medical devices, and food processing. Keywords: Titanium Grade 2 plain washers.

Grade 5 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) (UNS R56400): AMS 4928, ASTM F467 — High strength-to-weight ratio (120 ksi typical), excellent corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Available in annealed and aged conditions. Excellent fatigue properties. Recommended for aerospace washers, medical devices, surgical instruments, high-performance automotive components, racing applications, and sports equipment. Keywords: Titanium Grade 5 plain washers.

Grade 7 Titanium (UNS R52400): ASTM B348 — Superior corrosion resistance with palladium addition. Excellent in reducing and oxidizing acid environments. Ideal for chemical processing, desalination plants, pollution control equipment, aggressive corrosion service, and marine applications. Keywords: Titanium Grade 7 plain washers.

Grade 23 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) (UNS R56401): ASTM F136, ASTM F1472 — Extra-low interstitial version of Grade 5 with enhanced toughness and ductility. Superior biocompatibility. Recommended for medical implants, surgical instruments, dental devices, and biocompatible applications. Keywords: Titanium Grade 23 plain washers.

5. Refractory & Exotic Metals

Tantalum (UNS R05200): ASTM B365, AMS 7845 — Ultimate corrosion resistance in aggressive acid environments. Completely inert to most chemicals. Excellent biocompatibility. Ideal for chemical reactor washers, pharmaceutical processing equipment, high-purity applications, medical implants, and laboratory equipment. Keywords: Tantalum plain washers.

Zirconium 702 (UNS R60702): ASTM B550, ASME SB550 — Excellent resistance to sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids. Outstanding in organic acids and alkaline media. Ideal for nuclear fuel processing, chemical reactors, heat exchanger hardware, aggressive chemical service, and reprocessing equipment. Keywords: Zirconium plain washers.

Zirconium 705 (UNS R60705): ASTM B550 — Niobium-stabilized version with enhanced strength and formability. Good corrosion resistance. Recommended for chemical processing, nuclear applications, and high-temperature service. Keywords: Zirconium 705 plain washers.

Molybdenum (UNS R03600): ASTM B387 — High temperature strength and stiffness for extreme thermal applications to 3000°F. Excellent thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion. Ideal for high-temperature furnaces, semiconductor processing equipment, glass manufacturing, high-temperature fixtures, and electronics. Keywords: Molybdenum plain washers.

TZM Molybdenum (Titanium-Zirconium-Molybdenum): ASTM B386 — Enhanced high-temperature strength and recrystallization resistance. Superior to pure molybdenum. Recommended for high-temperature applications, semiconductor, and aerospace. Keywords: TZM plain washers.

Tungsten (UNS R07005): ASTM B777 — Highest density and melting point for specialized radiation shielding and high-temperature applications. Exceptional wear resistance and thermal stability. Ideal for medical imaging equipment, aerospace counterweights, high-temperature fixtures, radiation shielding, and balancing applications. Keywords: Tungsten plain washers.

6. Specialty Stainless Steels & Nickel Alloys

Nitronic® Alloys:

  • Nitronic 50 (XM-19) (UNS S20910): ASTM A193 B8N — High strength (twice the yield strength of 316 stainless), non-magnetic, excellent corrosion resistance. Good cryogenic properties. Recommended for medical imaging equipment, marine instrumentation, high-strength electronic enclosures, aerospace components, and subsea applications. Keywords: Nitronic 50 plain washers.

  • Nitronic 60 (UNS S21800): ASTM A193 B8N — Superior wear and galling resistance with good corrosion properties. Excellent for frequently adjusted washers and moving parts. Self-lubricating characteristics. Ideal for valve components, pump hardware, adjustable mechanisms, high-wear applications, and instrumentation. Keywords: Nitronic 60 plain washers.

High-Performance Stainless:

  • 254 SMO (UNS S31254): EN 1.4547, ASTM A479 — Excellent seawater and chloride resistance with high PREN value (>42). Outstanding pitting and crevice corrosion resistance. Recommended for offshore electronics, desalination hardware, coastal architectural fasteners, marine applications, and chemical processing. Keywords: 254 SMO plain washers.

  • 310 Stainless Steel (UNS S31000): ASTM A276, AISI 310 — Outstanding high-temperature oxidation resistance up to 2000°F. Excellent in cyclic temperature conditions. Good carburization resistance. Ideal for furnace hardware, heat treat fixtures, exhaust system components, high-temperature sensors, and thermal processing. Keywords: 310SS plain washers.

  • 316/316L Stainless Steel (UNS S31600/S31603): ASTM A276, ASTM A193 — Excellent corrosion resistance in marine and chemical environments. Good mechanical properties. Available in low-carbon version for improved weldability. Recommended for general industrial washers, marine hardware, medical devices, food processing, and pharmaceutical equipment. Keywords: 316L plain washers, 316SS flat washers.

  • Alloy 20 (Carpenter 20) (UNS N08020): ASTM B473 — Superior resistance to sulfuric acid and chloride stress corrosion. Excellent in mixed acid environments. Recommended for chemical processing equipment, pharmaceutical reactors, food processing hardware, acid handling systems, and pickling equipment. Keywords: Alloy 20 plain washers.

  • Alloy 330 (UNS N08330): ASTM B536 — Excellent carburization and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. Good resistance to thermal fatigue. Ideal for industrial furnaces, heat treating equipment, petrochemical processing, high-temperature fixtures, and thermal cycling applications. Keywords: Alloy 330 plain washers.

7. Ultra-High-Strength Cobalt Alloys

MP35N (UNS R30035): AMS 5844, ASTM F562 — Ultimate tensile strength exceeding 300 ksi with exceptional toughness and corrosion resistance. Non-magnetic. Excellent fatigue strength and biocompatibility. Recommended for aerospace actuators, medical implants, downhole instrumentation, high-security fasteners, marine applications, and racing components. Keywords: MP35N plain washers.

MP159 (AMS 5846): Advanced cobalt-nickel alloy offering high strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Superior to MP35N in high-temperature applications. Excellent fatigue and oxidation resistance. Ideal for gas turbine hardware, aerospace engine components, high-performance racing fasteners, critical high-temperature assemblies, and defense applications. Keywords: MP159 plain washers.

Elgiloy® (UNS R30003): AMS 5833 — Non-magnetic, high-strength cobalt alloy with excellent corrosion resistance and fatigue properties. Good spring characteristics. Recommended for medical devices, aerospace components, spring applications, and instrumentation. Keywords: Elgiloy plain washers.

8. High-Strength Aluminum & Iron-Based Alloys

Aluminum 2024 (UNS A92024): ASTM B211, AMS 4120 — High-strength aluminum alloy with good fatigue resistance. Available in T3, T4, T8 tempers. Recommended for aerospace components, defense hardware, and high-performance applications. Keywords: Aluminum 2024 plain washers.

Aluminum 6061 (UNS A96061): ASTM B211, AMS 4117 — Versatile, heat-treatable aluminum alloy with good corrosion resistance and weldability. Available in T6 temper. Ideal for general industrial applications, electronics enclosures, marine hardware, and architectural components. Keywords: Aluminum 6061 plain washers.

Aluminum 7075 (UNS A97075): AMS QQ-A-225/9, ASTM B211 — Available in T6, T73, T76 tempers. High strength-to-weight ratio (up to 83 ksi) with good corrosion resistance. Excellent machinability. Recommended for aerospace interiors, portable electronics, defense hardware, high-performance automotive components, sports equipment, and racing applications. Keywords: Aluminum 7075 plain washers.

A286 (UNS S66286): AMS 5731, ASTM A453 Grade 660 — Iron-based superalloy with excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance to 1300°F. Good cryogenic properties and corrosion resistance. Ideal for aerospace engine hardware, turbocharger components, high-temperature electronic enclosures, racing applications, and high-performance automotive. Keywords: A286 plain washers.

9. Pure Nickel

Nickel 200/201 (UNS N02200/N02201): ASTM B160, ASME SB160 — High purity and excellent corrosion resistance in caustic environments. Good thermal and electrical conductivity. Non-magnetic. Recommended for caustic processing equipment, electronic components, food processing hardware, alkali service, and battery applications. Keywords: Nickel 200 plain washers.


Custom Plain Washer Manufacturing & Engineering Solutions

As a special alloy fastening solution expert, RAYCHIN provides complete custom plain washer manufacturing services tailored to your exact specifications:

Manufacturing Capabilities

ProcessSize RangeToleranceApplication
CNC StampingUp to 12" diameter±0.05mmHigh-volume production, cost-effective
CNC Laser CuttingUp to 24" diameter±0.1mmComplex shapes, prototypes, low volume
CNC Waterjet CuttingUp to 48" diameter±0.15mmThick materials, large diameters
CNC MachiningAny size±0.01mmPrecision tolerances, exotic alloys
Centerless GrindingPrecision OD/ID±0.0025mmUltra-precision applications
Heat TreatmentFull range capabilitiesLot traceabilityOptimized mechanical properties
Surface FinishingPassivation, electropolishing, platingMil-Spec, ASTMEnhanced corrosion resistance, aesthetics

Engineering & Design Services

Material Selection Expertise:
Our metallurgical engineers analyze your application environment — temperature range (-423°F to 2200°F), corrosive media exposure (pH 0-14), load requirements (bearing stress, compression), magnetic permeability needs (<1.05 μ), galvanic compatibility with mating materials, and applicable standards — and recommend the optimal alloy from our 25+ material portfolio.

Washer Geometry Optimization:
We specialize in designing washers for specific applications:

  • Standard flat washers for general load distribution

  • Fender washers for spanning oversize holes

  • Narrow washers for confined spaces

  • Precision ground washers for exacting thickness requirements

  • Step washers for shoulder applications

  • Tapered washers for leveling on sloped surfaces

Tolerance Control:
We offer various tolerance classes based on application requirements:

  • Commercial tolerances: ±0.1mm (general purpose)

  • Precision tolerances: ±0.025mm (precision machinery)

  • Ultra-precision: ±0.005mm (instrumentation, aerospace)

Prototype Development:
Rapid turnaround prototype quantities (as few as 5 pieces) for design validation, fit-checking, and functional testing prior to full production. Typical prototype lead time: 5-10 business days.

Quality Assurance & Certification

  • Material Certification: Complete Material Test Reports (MTRs) to EN 10204 3.1/3.2 with full traceability to melt source

  • Dimensional Inspection: CMM, optical comparator, vision system, and laser micrometry verification to customer specifications

  • Surface Finish Inspection: Profilometry verification

  • Flatness Verification: Optical flat inspection for precision washers

  • Hardness Testing: As required for specific alloys and tempers

  • PMI Testing: Positive Material Identification verification

  • Non-Destructive Testing: Liquid penetrant (FPI) inspection as required

  • Corrosion Testing: Salt spray (ASTM B117) testing available

  • Process Certification: AS9100, ISO 9001, ISO 13485, ITAR, NADCAP, and PED compliant


Industry Applications & Engineering Recommendations

IndustryApplicationWasher TypeDesign ConsiderationRecommended Materials
Aerospace & DefenseStructural joints, engine mounts, avionicsPrecision flat, fenderWeight reduction, high strength, galvanic compatibilityTitanium Grade 5, A286, 17-4 PH, Aluminum 7075, MP35N
Medical DevicesSurgical instruments, implants, diagnostic equipmentPrecision flat, thinBiocompatibility, sterilization resistance, non-magneticTitanium Grade 5/23, MP35N, 17-4 PH, 316LVM
Oil & GasFlange connections, wellhead equipment, valvesHeavy flat, structuralNACE MR0175, high pressure, sour serviceIncoloy 925, MP35N, Hastelloy C276, Duplex 2205, Monel K500
Chemical ProcessingReactor vessels, piping systems, pumpsFlat, fenderAcid resistance, high-temperatureHastelloy C276, Alloy 20, Zirconium 702, Tantalum, Incoloy 825
Marine & OffshoreDeck hardware, subsea equipment, propeller systemsFender, oversizeSeawater corrosion, galvanic compatibilityMonel 400, Duplex 2205, AL-6XN, Titanium Grade 2, 316L
Power GenerationTurbine casings, generator assemblies, heat exchangersHigh-temperature flatCreep resistance, thermal cyclingWaspaloy, Nimonic 80A/90, Inconel 718, A286, 310SS
NuclearReactor components, fuel handlingPrecision flatLow cobalt, radiation resistanceInconel 718, Zirconium 702, 304L, 316L, Nitronic 50
SemiconductorVacuum chambers, processing equipmentPrecision flatUltra-high vacuum, particle controlNitronic 60, 316L VIM-VAR, Titanium Grade 2
ElectronicsPCB mounting, enclosure assemblyMiniature flatNon-magnetic, thermal management316L, Aluminum 6061, Nitronic 60, Titanium Grade 2
ConstructionStructural steel, bridges, heavy equipmentHeavy flat, structuralLoad capacity, corrosion protection316L, Duplex 2205, Galvanized steel
AutomotiveEngine, transmission, chassisStandard flatVibration resistance, corrosion protection17-4 PH, 316L, A286, Aluminum 6061

Why Choose RAYCHIN as Your Fastening Solution Expert?

25+ Years of Material Science Leadership:

Our metallurgical engineering team possesses deep expertise across the full spectrum of superalloys, refractory metals, and specialty stainless steels. We maintain a comprehensive database of material properties, corrosion resistance data, and application performance records. We don't just manufacture washers — we engineer solutions optimized for your specific application environment.

Complete Vertical Integration:

From raw material sourcing and certification through manufacturing, heat treatment, surface finishing, and quality inspection, all processes are performed in-house under strict quality control. This vertical integration ensures:

  • Consistent quality from lot to lot

  • Complete traceability from melt source to finished product

  • Rapid response to design changes

  • Competitive pricing without supply chain markups

  • Shorter lead times for prototype and production quantities

Engineering Partnership:

We view ourselves as an extension of your engineering team. Our fastener engineers provide:

  • Technical consultation on material selection based on application requirements

  • Washer geometry optimization for load distribution and clearance

  • Galvanic compatibility analysis for dissimilar metal applications

  • Tolerance selection for specific assembly requirements

  • Failure analysis and corrective action support

  • Finite element analysis (FEA) for critical applications

  • Custom testing protocols for unique requirements

Global Standards Compliance:

Our products meet or exceed ASTM, ASME, DIN, ISO, JIS, BS, GB, and MIL-SPEC specifications, ensuring acceptance in regulated industries and global supply chains. We maintain current knowledge of international standards and can provide certification for any required specification.

Supply Chain Reliability:

We maintain strategic raw material inventory across our 25+ alloy portfolio, flexible manufacturing capacity, and robust quality systems to ensure consistent on-time delivery for both prototype quantities (5-100 pieces) and high-volume production runs (100,000+ pieces).

Sustainability Commitment:

We are committed to responsible material sourcing, energy-efficient manufacturing, and waste reduction. Our quality systems include:

  • Conflict minerals compliance (due diligence per OECD guidelines)

  • REACH and RoHS compliance for European markets

  • Environmental management (ISO 14001 principles)

  • Recycling and waste reduction programs

  • Sustainable packaging initiatives


Technical Specifications & Ordering Information

Standard Size Ranges

SystemInside Diameter RangeOutside Diameter RangeThickness RangeTypes Available
Unified (Inch)#0 through 4"Up to 8"0.005" - 0.500"Flat, Fender, Narrow, Structural
Metric (ISO)M1.6 through M100Up to 200mm0.1mm - 12mmFlat, Fender, Narrow, Structural
CustomAny requiredAny requiredAny requiredAs specified

Dimensional Standards Available

StandardTypeSize RangeApplication Region
ASME B18.22.1Flat, Fender#0 - 4"North America
DIN 125Flat1.6mm - 100mmEurope
DIN 9021Large Flat2mm - 100mmEurope
DIN 433Small Flat1.6mm - 30mmEurope
ISO 7089Flat - Normal1.6mm - 100mmInternational
ISO 7093Flat - Large3mm - 100mmInternational
ISO 7092Flat - Small1.6mm - 36mmInternational
ASTM F436Structural1/2" - 4"Construction
Customer DrawingCustomAnyGlobal

Available Finishes

FinishSpecificationApplicationBenefits
PassivationASTM A967, AMS 2700Stainless steelsRemoves free iron, enhances corrosion resistance
ElectropolishingASTM B912Stainless steels, titaniumMirror finish, improves cleanability, reduces friction
Bright FinishAs-machinedAll alloysNatural appearance, cost-effective
Black OxideMIL-DTL-13924Stainless steels, alloy steelsAnti-glare, mild corrosion resistance
Phosphate CoatingMIL-DTL-16232Alloy steelsLubricity, corrosion protection
Cadmium PlatingAMS 2400, QQ-P-416High-strength steelsLubricity, corrosion resistance
Silver PlatingAMS 2410, AMS 2412High-temperature alloysAnti-galling, high-temperature service
Zinc PlatingASTM B633Carbon, alloy steelsGeneral corrosion protection
PTFE CoatingAMS 2518, MIL-P-46038All alloysLow friction, chemical resistance
Xylan®ProprietaryAll alloysDry film lubricant, corrosion resistance
Hot-Dip GalvanizingASTM A153Carbon steelHeavy-duty corrosion protection
AnodizingMIL-A-8625, AMS 2469Aluminum, titaniumWear resistance, color coding

Request Engineering Consultation & Quote

Contact RAYCHIN's special alloy fastening solution experts today with your specifications or CAD drawings. We provide confidential technical consultation, rapid response prototyping, and competitive pricing for standard and custom plain washer solutions in advanced alloys.

Email: sales@ray-chin.com
Web:
www.ray-chin.com
Response Time: < 24 hours
Engineering Support: Available in English, Mandarin, German, and Spanish
Prototype Turnaround: 5-10 business days
Production Lead Time: 3-6 weeks depending on quantity and alloy


1771857769884569359053271040.jpeg

Plain Washers, Flat Washers, Round Washers, Fender Washers, Oversize Washers, Narrow Washers, Structural Washers, ASME B18.22.1 Washers, DIN 125 Washers, DIN 9021 Washers, ISO 7089 Washers, ISO 7093 Washers, ASTM F436 Washers, Custom Washers, OEM Washers, 17-4 PH Plain Washers, PH 13-8 Mo Washers, Inconel 718 Washers, Inconel 625 Washers, Inconel 600 Washers, Monel 400 Washers, Monel K500 Washers, Hastelloy C276 Washers, Hastelloy C22 Washers, Hastelloy B2 Washers, Incoloy 825 Washers, Incoloy 925 Washers, Waspaloy Washers, Nimonic 80A Washers, Nimonic 90 Washers, Duplex 2205 Washers, Alloy 926 Washers, AL-6XN Washers, Titanium Grade 5 Washers, Titanium Grade 2 Washers, Titanium Grade 23 Washers, Tantalum Washers, Zirconium 702 Washers, Molybdenum Washers, TZM Washers, Tungsten Washers, Nitronic 60 Washers, Nitronic 50 Washers, 254 SMO Washers, 310SS Washers, 316L Washers, Alloy 20 Washers, Alloy 330 Washers, A286 Washers, MP35N Washers, MP159 Washers, Aluminum 7075 Washers, Aluminum 6061 Washers, Nickel 200 Washers, Aerospace Washers, Medical Washers, Oil & Gas Washers, Marine Washers, Chemical Processing Washers, Power Generation Washers, Nuclear Washers, High Temperature Washers, Corrosion Resistant Washers, Precision Washers, Special Alloy Washer Manufacturer, Fastening Solution Expert.


Request A Quote! We'll respond as soon as possible(within 12 hours)

Submit
Related Products